Tax collection has always been an indispensable pillar in the architecture of a functioning state. Since the earliest formations of organized governance, levying taxes has been a standard practice to ensure the sustenance of administrative machinery, provision of public services, and the defense of the realm. No society, however prosperous or modest, can remain viable…
“War is the great auditor of institutions”. Correlli Barnett Every armed conflict brings new dynamics to bilateral relations between the belligerents and has an impact on domestic politics. Each party’s role also has an impact on regional and international relations. In April-May 2025, India and Pakistan were engaged in another limited conflict that was quickly…
Introduction: The Visible Geography Behind Invisible Wars “Satellites may spy from the heavens, and malware may cripple nations silently, but tank battalions still roll on roads, and oil still flows through chokepoints.” This statement has never been more relevant than during the Iran–Israel conflict of 2025. On June 13, Israel launched a surprise offensive targeting…
The economic corridors concept is not new rather it is the upgradation of the historical ancient Silk Road concept that consisted of a vast network of trade routes connecting the global East and West, thus primarily facilitating the exchange of trade goods and culture between China and Europe. As per the historical maps it was…
Let’s face it – the human brain is like the Wi-Fi signal of your local café: brilliant when it works, but prone to dropping out right when you need it most. Especially when faced with complex problems – the kind that come with multiple layers, conflicting information, and a vague sense of operating in the…
It seems that when it comes to armed conflict, 2025 is a gift (pun intended) that keeps on giving! Now how about this for an unfortunate twist of events? No sooner the fast paced India – Pakistan conflict ended on May 10, three weeks later Israel attacked Iran – a technological Goliath taking aim at…
Introduction Muslim scholars have meticulously preserved and authenticated the Prophet’s (PBUH) traditions since the time of the Companions. Early verification assessed both the chain of narrators (isnad) and the text (matn) of Hadith. However, during the 2nd and 3rd centuries—when major Hadith collections were compiled— scholars primarily focused on isnad scrutiny, developing rigorous criteria for…
There is something about building something from the ground up with your hands and in our case, with your team. It’s the kind of pride that doesn’t come with flashy equipment or big-budget contracts but with the quiet confidence of knowing that your people can pull off something spectacular. That’s exactly what we did with…
International politics is the home ground of the wheeling-dealing elite where strategic ambiguity, propaganda, and national interest frequently intersect. With the curse of fake news around our necks, the question of whether truth matters is both timely and complex. While truth is the cornerstone of democratic accountability and reality of existence, it often takes a…
The topic of Food Security was not in the limelight for many reasons as it should have been since our main focus was on strategic and foreign policy doctrine during past years and what Pakistan has to do to adjust strategically as well as tactically to curb and maneuver regional and global challenges that were…
