Pakistan’s foreign policy has long been defined by a delicate balancing act between two global giants – the United States and China. Over the decades, this engagement has shifted from periods of close cooperation with Washington to an increasingly strategic partnership with Beijing. Historically, Islamabad has oscillated between leveraging U.S. military support and cultivating economic…
The United States knew twentieth century India through Mother Theresa who served the sickly in an ocean of poverty or through a Hollywood’s terrifying Tantric named Mola Ram, from the Indiana Jones universe. India came close to declaring sovereign default in 1991 with foreign reserves of just US$1 billion. Dr. Manmohan Singh, an economist of…
In the ever-evolving chessboard of South Asian geopolitics, Pakistan finds itself at a critical juncture, grappling with the unintended consequences of its once-vaunted alliance with the Taliban. What was envisioned as a strategic triumph – a friendly regime in Kabul and a buffer against Indian influence – has morphed into a complex web of challenges….
Say what you may about Donald Trump, he keeps things interesting! From signing a plethora of executive orders to planning to take over countries to firing federal employees and effectively shutting down USAID – all is par for the course, pun intended. Just like in 2018, the second stint of President Donald Trump has kicked…
Muslims believe in One God, One Messenger, and One Book (Quran) which discusses most subjects[1], yet sects exist. One major reason for sectarianism is the use of different Hadiths[2] for conflicting interpretations of Quranic verses[3]. Many wonder why, after the compilation of the Quran, the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and the Rightly Guided…
The national interest definition has been evolving since centuries and was self-derived by societies, rulers, empires, and alliances to serve their best interests. The concept of national interest is very important in terms of international relations because it provides the data and material upon which foreign policy of a nation is defined and evolved. The…
Pakistan – A land of vast resources and brilliant people – is a mantra we have grown up with, but over the years’ harsh realities hit. Almost 60% of the population of Pakistan consists of youth and the majority is hanging between education institutes and the job market. Every year, a boat sinks far away…
Lord Palmerston, a British statesman and Prime Minister is often quoted to have said that there are no permanent enemies, and no permanent friends but only permanent interests in international relations. He was primarily correct because Britain did not have land borders contiguous with any other nation but Ireland. However, for countries with neighbours geographically…
War is inevitable. The Thirty Years’ War, World War I, World War II, and the Cold War era transformed the panorama of the world. War is defined as a state of armed conflict between different countries or different groups in a country. Since the advent of time, states have been waging wars against one another…
Political scientists have continuously endeavoured to identify what makes an ideal or perfect state. A state which is strong to establish its writ through rule of law, ensuring equality and justice for its subjects. A lot of research has gone into finding reasons why some states fare better than others. Starting with J J Rousseau’s…
