During last weeks, we discussed perceptual aspects of the recent Indo-Pak standoff, India’s doctrinal collapse, deterrence, ‘Exterior/ Interior Maneuvers’ by both sides, and brief rundown. We continue, but first a brief recap. Ceasefire violations started by India in late April; escalation and military preparations took place between May 1-6. In military operations phase, India on…
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is reshaping economies worldwide. Globally, AI’s market is projected to grow rapidly and Pakistan’s AI market is expected to expand ~27.6% from 2025–2030 to ~$3 billion. The Government of Pakistan has signaled its intent to participate in this trend. In 2018, the President launched the Presidential Initiative for Artificial Intelligence and Computing…
Context The recent meeting between U.S. President Donald Trump and Pakistan’s Chief of Army Staff (COAS), Field Marshal Asim Munir has stirred considerable global attention in particularly regarding what led to the meeting and what could have been discussed. It marks the first-ever instance of a sitting U.S. president holding a one-on-one meeting with Pakistan’s…
Introduction: A Nation at a Technological Crossroads Pakistan is on the verge of a digital transformation powered by artificial intelligence (AI), and at the heart of this transformation lies its most powerful resource: its youth. With a median age under 20, Pakistan’s population is overwhelmingly young and digitally connected. Internet access is rapidly expanding. Freelancing,…
We cannot ignore the networks where there is an ideological battle going on – Miguel Diaz-Canel In the last decade, networks have repeatedly surprised hierarchies of nation states. Groups designated as terrorists by the international community have shown resiliency against powerful states. Hamas in Gaza, Hezbollah in Lebanon and Houthis in Yemen engaged with the…
Within minutes of the incident of killing of tourists in Kashmir on 22 April 25, India acting as judge, jury and executioner, put the blame on Pakistan. The next day they announced multiple punitive measures against Pakistan, most serious being suspension of the Indus Water Treaty (IWT). Pakistan very rightly first asked for any evidence…
Context In recent years, Pakistan has undergone a quiet yet powerful transformation not through political upheavals or industrial surges, but through the rapid rise of financial technology (fintech). This shift goes far beyond flashy apps or startup buzz; it represents a determined effort to close a long-standing financial gap that has left millions unbanked and…
Section – 1 Introduction The brief but intense four-day conflict between India and Pakistan in May 2025 ignited significant global discussion, with The New York Times notably describing: “The recent battlefield standoff between India and Pakistan was “a clear setback for India”, underscoring the decades-long Kashmir conflict and exposing India’s inability to impose a resolution…
Iran has undergone a second aggression in its four decades of revolutionary profile, and is literally at the verge of an existential crisis. The first salvo to be experienced was at the hands of Iraqi President Saddam Hussein, a war that lasted for eight years (1980-88), as the Baathist leader was acting as a mole…
Pakistan is blessed with a vast resource of marine heritage which lies in its south, having a more than 1000km coastline, 240,000 square km of its Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) and a further 50,000 square km Continental Shelf. Pakistan reserves the right to exploit marine wealth hidden under this vast area for its own benefit….
