The May 2025 brief conflict between Pakistan and India witnessed a significant shift in the character of warfare. This included short but intense air combat and the exchange of longrange missile and drone attacks. Traditional formations including strike corps, were not mobilised by both sides though intense artillery and rocket barrages broke out over the…
Since centuries, sea has remained as a medium of cooperation and conflict. With the advent of modern technologies, the amalgamation of air, sea and land has transformed the warfare. Billy Mitchell’s demonstration of targeting a warship by aircrafts in 1921 may have been an effort to divert resources from building costly capital ships, but it…
In May 2025, yet again the world bore witness to India’s tried and tested tactic of manufacturing crisis designed and orchestrated to serve domestic political agendas. The grotesque playbook this time included the script of a heinous terrorist attack in Pahalgam massacring innocent tourists in the name of religious identity. As always, India within hours,…
This article is republished from Defence Journal, August 2024 issue Inspired by insights from a lecture on “Global Security and its linkages with Maritime Security“ delivered by Ikram Sehgal to the “Executive Leadership Course“ of the Pakistan Navy War College at PNS Bahadur, Karachi on 21st July 2024 The concept of “security” is deeply rooted…
PAF’s Technological Philosophy In The Age Of Multi Domain Warfare “Doctrinal inadequacy is no less the cause of defeat, or of unnecessary reverses, than istechnological backwardness” – Colin S. Gray Military forces of any nation exist and are maintained as a means through which threats can be countered. The two basic elements through which Militaries…
IntroductionThe aerial dimension has always been, and will continue to be, the pivotal arbiter in any future conflict between Pakistan and India. The recent events of May 2025, specifically the Indian Air Force’s (IAF) ill-fated “Operation Sindoor,” serve as a profound case study, offering invaluable insights into the evolving aerial equation and the critical role…
Since the arrival of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) at the helm, a marked change has occurred in the outlook of the Indian Army. Apolitical hitherto, it gradually became involved in politics one way or another. Anti-Muslim sentiments gained momentum, and Bollywood-style hyper-action movies began to shape perceptions—blurring the line between fiction and reality—and influencing…
The Dawn of 6th September 1965 In the annals of history, certain days emerge as timeless symbols of national will, courage, and unshakable unity. For Pakistan, 6th September 1965 is not merely a date—it is a living testament to the indomitable spirit of a young nation that dared to stand against an aggressor many times…
Pathfinder Group’s flagship initiative, “Centre for Innovation, Technological Advancement, Digital Entrepreneurs & Leadership (CITADEL)” organized an engaging discussion titled “Entrepreneurship and Innovation: Trends amongst Gen Z and Young Millennials” on August 23, 2025, from 10:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m. at Amaanibagh Angoori, Islamabad. Supported by the Providentia Books Foundation (PBF) and the Karachi Council on…
The Pathfinder Group’s School of Excellence, Centre for Innovation, Technological Advancement, Digital Entrepreneurs & Leadership (CITADEL), in collaboration with Providentia Books Foundation, hosted a seminar titled “Gen Z – Corporate Leadership Dialogue: Building the Future of Work” at AmaaniBagh, Angoori, Islamabad, on 13th September 2025. The event brought together industry leaders, academics, and students from…
