Lahore – Heart of Pakistan

IntroductionI visited Lahore for the first time eighty years ago but the entire picture of those days is as clear in my eyes as daylight. After retirement as a Risaldar my maternal grandfather had built a house outside SHERANWALA gate close to the MAULVI FEROZE DIN KA CHAPA KHANA (Press). I was told by my…

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The relations of the Central Asian countries and Afghanistan in the new century

AbstractAfghanistan has always been an intrinsic part of the political, economic and cultural developments in Central Asia in the past. This nexus will certainly become even much stronger and interdependent in the future. Therefore, the paper sheds some light on the role of Afghanistan in the Central Asia’s yesterday, today and tomorrow. IntroductionThe ongoing conflict…

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Turkey Presidential Elections 2014

Turkish Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan won the country’s first direct presidential elections. He was the 12th president of Turkey. The victory will extend Erdogan’s more than 10 year rule over the country for another five years. According to official figures, he secured approximately 52 percent, opposition candidate Ekmeleddin Ihsanoglu, a former diplomat and academic,…

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Chak De Phatte

Waging guerilla warfare against the Mughals in the 18th century, the Khalsa Sikhs would cross the canals in the Punjab over temporary wooden bridges to launch surprise attacks, while retreating they would quickly dismantle these bridges by uprooting (Chak De) the wooden planks (Phatte) to prevent being chased. The phrase “Chak De Phatte” is commonly…

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